Cascading Styling Sheets

What is Cascading Styling Sheets ?

CSS used to describe the presentation of a document which is written in markup language.It is most common to use styling the web pages which is written in html or xhtml also the language can applied for the any kind of xml document. CSS was designed to separate the content which is written in html or any other similar markup language document type presentation including element such has layout, colors and fonts.

Also this separation can improve contents and flexible and enable to control 2 multiple pages to share the formatting. Also the css can allow markup language to present in another stylish way. Also the reader's can use different kinds of styling sheets on their own computer.   

History of the CSS 

CSS was developed in 1970 and it was called has SGML. CSS was developed to provide stylish information on a web page. When the html grew the css came with many number of feature's to give an demand for the web developer's. This gave a great chance to the designer's but the cost of the html becoming more complex and difficult writing and hard to maintain. 

Robert Cailliau who did the separation and also this ideal give to the users those are one for printing and other is to present a presentation on the screen and the final one is the editor feature. To improve web their are nine kinds of styles sheet language were introduced to the world wide web. Of this nine styles two were chosen as the foundation of what become CSS. Also in 1994  Bert boss was working on a browser called agro which is developed style sheets which was called has SSP. The H was removed because of the style sheet could be applied other markup language also.


Real life usage


We can center the box easily without typing left or right to the align. Here is sample css code which shows you how to center a box in css using dl links.

dl#links {
    font: 12px/16px verdana, arial, helvetica,
          sans-serif;
    width: 230px;
    margin: 2em auto; /* This is what centers the
                         box the first value is for
                         the top and bottom margin
                         the second value (auto)
                         splits the difference between
                         the right and left margins */
}

Also in ccs there's framework called CSS Scaffold it will allows to write dynamic css styles that are processed by PHP and served as standard css. Also there are things that we an include those are: expression, nested style sheets and variables.Also we can do can do different kinds of styling in css and create stylish web pages.

Browser Compatibility


In Firefox
we can change the highlighted text using css and changing the opacity of the element. Also we can control the item selection of the element. And also their are more things like rounding the corners of underline and many more. 

Internet Explorer 7
Most of the css were hard to improve because most of the css were hacked and were hidden but their nice things added in internet explorer 7. but in other versions css worked fine, but today using css we can put bugs for appearing colors and elements like underline and many others. 

Advantages of CCS

• we can change the layout in different styles
• it can separate styles in any way which we what
• easy and quick able to use
• align the paragraph without typing left or right command 

Disadvantages of CSS  

• we have to take soo many times to understand the framework
• we might inherit some bugs or mistakes
• we developed sites upon frame work not having the solid knowledge of css
• sometimes we will get bloated codes
• css cannot framed semantically